Royal fern
Deciduous fern reaching 90-150 cm tall. Features large, bipinnate fronds resembling locust tree leaves, with separate fertile fronds that turn brown when mature. Prefers consistently moist to wet, acidic soils and partial shade. Tolerates full sun if kept moist. Adds architectural interest to landscapes. Suitable for bog gardens, pond edges, and large woodland gardens. Native to North America, Europe, Africa, and Asia.
Plant Details
Bloom Colour: Brown (spores)
Bloom Time: N/A (Fern)
Sun Requirements: Shade to Part-Sun
Moisture: Moist to Wet
Phenology: Fiddleheads emerge May. Fertile frond portions develop brown June-July. Sterile fronds remain green until frost, then brown through winter.
Wildlife Value: Provides cover and nesting sites for wetland birds; fiddleheads occasionally eaten by grouse and deer
Habit Over Time: Creates large, architectural clumps that slowly expand from a central crown. The dramatic fronds emerge in vase-like formations, creating strong vertical elements. While individual plants increase in size over time, they maintain clear boundaries and do not spread aggressively. Provides bold structural interest throughout the growing season.
Height: Tall (3-6 feet)